It all comes back to Photosynthesis

A lifetime ago (or so it feels), I was a student of biology at uni.  I studied hard for four years, majoring in Botany and Zoology and finishing with first class honours in a Botany/Ecology area.  Later I studied to be a secondary school teacher.... a biology teacher.

I've always loved biology - since before I started school I loved to know how living things worked, and I remember being in prep and studying (and mostly understanding) the detailed human biology diagrams that we had hung on our toilet walls (my mum was studying nursing at the time).

I grew up wanting to be a nurse, and then a doctor.  But somewhere along the lines, I realised that plants and (non-human) animals appealed to me a lot more than human patients, and so that is where my study lead me. 

I often have people that have known me for years worry over the fact that I "don't use my education".  No, I don't work as a secondary school teacher or a scientist.  But I use my education every single day.

My teaching education is used every time I step in front of a belly dance class (or even an audience).  I know how to teach those people - I just teach a much different topic to what I originally set out to do.  I teach my children every day, and often the topics are biology related....  yesterday, we had an in depth conversation about Siamese twins (how they form, birth of twins, the genetics etc), the other day it was ecosystems in Thailand, and as a family, we are setting nutritional goals for ourselves with a good understanding of what the human body needs to function, how the parts work and why we need to eat (or shouldn't eat) certain foods.

And I use my study in my garden.  Being a zoologist doesn't make you a farmer and being a botanist doesn't make you a gardener.  But I understand all the biology and biochemistry behind my mini-farm. 

And because I have that background study I know that when my plants are droopy, they've lost turgidity in their leaves and need water flowing through their xylem to hold them up.  I know that when I put nutrients from animal manure etc into the soil that the plants are growing in, that they need water to dissolve those nutrients in order for them to be taken up into the plant and put to use.  And I know that plants absorb sunlight using chlorophyll (the green pigment in leaves) and convert it to energy through a little chemical reaction known as photosynthesis. 

The basic chemical equation for photosynthesis is:

source

The biproducts of this reaction is ATP and NADPH - compounds which store a lot of chemical energy that can then be accessed by the plant.

Photosynthesis is the process that gives us oxygen and reduces the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, so as humans who produce copious quantities of carbon dioxide, we should love that little reaction.  As a gardener, and someone that would love to produce most of the food their family eats , I love that little reaction because it makes my plants grow and produce food.

But, and yes, there is a but, if you look at the equation, you'll notice that it requires water.  And water is something we don't have enough of here since we no longer have access to bore water, there is no town water supply here and we have limited rainwater in tanks. So our plants are having to survive on limited waterings and recycled grey water.  They're surviving, but not really thriving. 

So this week's big decision is to get ourselves a bore drilled.  It is expensive, potentially destructive and something we had hoped to do without.  But we have committed to our garden and living the way we do, and without enough water, we just can't do it.  We've discussed all the pros and cons, we've checked the finances and agreed that this decision won't make us richer, but then I think about it all again as I lug out buckets of water from the house to my precious plants, and I realise, sometimes, it all comes back to photosynthesis.

Kids!!!

A quicky post for you today to announce the safe (though early) arrival of our kids!

Jorgie was screaming out to me before lunchtime today, so I went out to take her for a grazing walk only to find her laying in her stall with a baby partly born! Not what I was expecting yet!

I stayed with her and helped a little as she delivered, not one, but THREE kids!  Sadly, the third one was too little and never lived, but he was a tan colour and the children named him Nugget. The first two, though tiny, are doing well. Storm (named for the weather and his colour) is a little jet black boy, and Matilda 'Tilly' is a white doe with a few black flecks. They've both walked and fed and are doing well. And Jorgie is doing well too - though I think she is in shock!

So pleased it all happened on a day when I was home, and doubly pleased that it is school holidays and that the boys were able to see the birth too. Awesome!

More photos to come, but here are a few quick iPod shots....



Look how tiny they are compared to my hands!

Baby Matilda "Tilly"

Little Storm

Being born is very tiring work....

Jorgie is already a good mum to her wobbly little pair.

Hey there Jorgie girl....

We've had our Jorgie girl for just over six weeks now, and I've got to say, I'm loving being a goat owner!

The first week was a big tricky - Jorgie was noisy and stubborn. She missed her goat herd and wasn't sure about us. We hadn't learnt how to handle her well and doing anything with her was difficult. Then I had my hand surgery and had to take a week off of handling her altogether. I still fed her, patted her and spent time chatting to her, but with stitches in my palm, it wasn't worth risking taking a pig-headed goat out on her lead. 

I was concerned about not handling her as much for a week, but as it turned out, I think it was good for her. By the end of that week she had settled into her home. She still bleats when we go out or leave her, but for the most part, she is settled and content to sit on her seat in the sun and chew her cud. Happy goat!

Now, I spend time with Jorgie every day, and it is amongst the most peaceful and enjoyable times. I've been wanting to share them for a while, so I took the camera out and here it is.... A day with Jorgie. 

At about 7am (sometimes earlier) Jorgie starts calling out to us to let us know its breakfast time. I toss some clothes over my PJ's and head outside. She's usually by the gate waiting for me. 

"Goodmorning! I'm ready for my breakfast."

We finished building the stanchion and milking table last weekend, so Jorgie now has her breakfast up there as 'training' for being our little milking goat. She's not keen on getting in there, but she's getting better at it, and once she's in, she relaxes and is fine. She eats her chaff and completo breakfast while I brush her, run my hands over her belly and udder, and generally get her comfortable with being handled and reducing her udder shyness. 

Eating breakfast on our homemade (all recycled) milking table.

After breaky, Jorgie goes back to her yard while I finish my morning chores and have some breakfast myself!  If the weather is bad, Jorgie likes to lay on the table in her stall and look out of her 'window'. Lachlan's cat, Pouncy, can often be found in her stall too, curled up on the warm straw. Our dog, cats and ducks all love Jorgie and like to get close to her. She is grateful for their company, but if they come too close, she head butts them away :)
 

Looking out of her stall "window" while standing on her table/platform.

In bad weather, or if I'm away from home all day, I give Jorgie fresh hay in her feeder. We don't leave hay there all the time as she won't eat it after a while and it just goes to waste. 

Fresh hay in the hay feeder that I made for her.

When I'm out and about in the garden, I like to stop by and give Jorgie 'treats'. She loves geranium leaves, mallow leaves, pittosporum branches and beetroot leaves, but roses are her favourite by far!  I've read a lot about goats eating habits and have heard that they love banana skins and citrus peel - Jorgie doesn't. But she does like most weeds and carrots (though she'll only eat carrot tops that are still connected to carrots in the ground, and not the ones I've broken off the carrots *sigh*). She doesn't eat everything, and is quite fussy about what she chooses. And, with relief, we have found that she isn't interested in eating the washing off the line. 



Jorgie likes celery leaves and I like the stems - perfect for sharing a snack straight from the vegie garden.

If I'm weeding, I often take Jorgie with me. Her favourite grazing spot is along the driveway (near her friends the ducks). I leave her lead on and let her browse while I work close by. Mostly, she just mosies along eating happily, but if I see her try to eat something I don't want eaten, I can grab her lead and steer her away. 

Most afternoons, Jorgie has tethering time. I have a few places I like to tether her, and the next door neighbour said I'm welcome to tether on their nature strip too. She gets a couple of hours out there to fill her belly. 



Lots of luscious weeds along the fenceline to eat while tethered.

On sunny days, Jorgie can often be found sunbathing on her bench in her yard. We built this bench for us originally, but she adopted it and loves sitting up there watching the world go by or snoozing. She can see a lot of our yard from there, and also into the school, where there is often someone happy to say hello to her. 

I spy a sunbathing goat.

Sometimes we take Jorgie for a walk around town. We have to be careful of our route as there are a few dogs that are happy to chase her. But mostly, walking her is a lot of fun and she happily laps up the attention of people who stop for a chat. 

Stu has taken on the job of grooming Jorgie and she loves to stand in the sun and have a good brush. Hoof care is my job though and it's not so much fun as I tentatively follow the guidelines I was taught by her breeder and hope I'm doing it all right. 

I'm looking forward to Jorgie having her kid/s. Unfortunately, we don't have a good due date as no one saw her mated and she was in with the buck about 6 weeks!  But the earliest she'll be due is mid October, and she is just beginning to develop her udder this week, so I'm anticipating the birth sometime in about a month. 

After her grazing time, Jorgie goes back to her pen for the night. She has a little more chaff to convince her to go to bed (we divided up her daily rations so we could do this), and eventually, she settles down in her stall for the night. 

A goat anchor

We didn't get our goat, Jorgie, with the intention of tethering her. I've read some horror stories of goats hanging themselves from their tether, of getting themselves tangled, spilling their water etc. It is just not an ideal way to keep a goat - or any animal for that matter.

So when we decided to buy ourselves a miniature goat, we built a suitable enclosure and shelter for her, and that is where she spends most of her time. 

Her enclosure is small though - big enough for moving around, sleeping and playing for a couple of goats, but not big enough for her to browse. 

We often take Jorgie for a walk to browse along the way, but you can only spend a certain amount of time doing that, and we have a few areas of our garden that grow beautiful browse that she could eat (that is, our lawns). We could let her free range in those areas, but as she is partial to roses, apple trees herbs and vegetable plants, I'm not sure she'd spend her time eating the grass and weeds!

So I did some research and some thinking and came up with a method of tethering her in those areas of the garden that I would normally have to mow. My tethering system reduces tangling risk, allows her to always access water, is portable and adaptable so that I can control where she has access to. 

And here it is:

It's an old car tyre (free from any tyre shop) that we have half filled with rapid set concrete. We lined the bottom of the tyre with a feed bag first, then poured in the concrete (and a few scraps of old concrete to make up more volume). While the concrete was wet, we inserted an eye bolt with a long stem and the washer and nut attached (they help to anchor the eye bolt so the goat can't pull it out of the concrete). We also pushed the base of a bucket into the concrete to make an indentation to support a bowl (or half bucket) of water. 

To tether the goat, we put the tyre on the middle of the area we want her to browse in (using a trolley or two people to move it because its really heavy!) then add a bowl of water (it needs to sit in the indentation and be shorter than the top of the tyre so it doesn't catch the chain) and attach the goat to the eyebolt using a d-shackle and a chain. You can adjust the length of the chain to meet your needs - that is, make it long for a big area, or short for a small area. 

The anchor has a really low centre of gravity, so the goat can't knock/pull it over. The water can't be knocked over as it is secure inside the tyre and in the unlikely event that the goats chain gets tangled on the anchor, she'll always have access to the water. 

It's a good system, but to be safe, always use it carefully. Make sure there aren't obstacles your goat can get tangled on; Check for plants you don't want your goat to eat within the goat's reach (plants you want or poisonous plants); make sure your goat has some shade, especially on hot days; make sure dogs or other animals (strange people?) can't get at your goat; And check your goat is ok regularly - ie. don't tether her when you're not home!

This isn't a long term tethering system, but is a great way to mow the lawns without using petrol and give our goat lovely fresh (and free!) browse. And the anchor cost less than $15 to build - bargain!

Goat people - if you see any problems with my design, please let me know, I'm hoping I've covered everything, but am open to suggestions!

When springtime came calling

The days are getting slowly longer here. No longer do we get up in the dark, and it is still light when Stu comes home from work. Jonquils are popping their heads up everywhere and my baby almond tree is the first to blossom in our garden this year. My chooks finally noticed the days lengthening and started laying again. Yes, it's still winter, but we hear springtime just around the corner.

This weekend, spring paid an early visit, the sun shone, the skies were blue and we wanted to be outside. 

Outside was a good place to be here as we welcomed new animal friends this weekend. 

On Friday, my mum's lamb came here. He came to be a friend for our goat. He stayed two nights and had to go home. Our goat didn't really like him and he was fretting for the calf he had been reared with. 

On Saturday, our goat, Jorgie, came home. Having bashed up the lamb, told the dog whose boss and decided that we're all her family now, she settled in. 

She is extremely affectionate and prefers us to be nearby. This was easy on the weekend when the kids wanted to play outside, Stu wanted to catch some of the suns warmth and I made the most of the springtime visit to pot up some seedlings and scratch around in the garden. Today it's harder. 

Today winter has come back with a vengeance. Swirly, gusty, cold winds. Rain and hail. It's not nice here today. And I can here Jorgie calling to me. Or maybe she's calling spring back. 

It won't be long now Jorgie girl. Springtime will be here very soon and with it, hopefully, will come a kid or two for you.

 

Getting to know Jorgie

Over the weekend, we took a trip to visit our goat. Jorgie is still living on the farm with the other goats as we are going away for a couple of weeks soon and don't want to leave her in someone else's care so soon after getting her. We're also still waiting to confirm that she is pregnant before we take her away from her boyfriend.



Here comes Jorgie!

 It was lovely to spend some time with her though. The boys love her!  Stu aptly described her personality as cat-like. She comes straight to us when you go to the paddock, has a pat and a cuddle with everyone, and then, when she's had enough, she wanders off, tail in air. If you call her back, she raises an ear to tell you she heard you, but keeps walking. If you follow her, she's OK with that, but she won't let you just catch her, much to the children's frustration. 



"I've had enough now"

She has a beautiful cashmere through her goat at the moment and feels like a soft minke blanket, only better.  

Kisses through the fence

Oscar is the buck that she's in with at the moment. He's super friendly, and had a lovely time rubbing his bucky smell onto all of us. 

Oscar the buck

We visited some of the other goats too. Itty Bitty and Shadow are more like dogs than cats - you can't get rid of them!  This pleased the boys, but I'm quite pleased that we're getting a more independent goat. In the paddock with Itty and Shadow are a range of other ladies. Young ones and a few retired girls. Mini goats can live to around 20 years, but the breeders we're buying from, stop breeding their girls at about 10-13.  There are also a small group of adorable alpacas. Very cute!

Goats and alpacas galore!

The kids on the farm amused us with their antics. An 11 month old kid sprinted sideways across a paddock towards us and  then leaped around madly which was very funny. Our boys were quite disturbed by the feeding methods of a pair of six week old buckling kids who were butting their mum very hard - I explained to them that having boy twins is the hardest thing in the world for a mum ;)

Goodbye for now Jorgie.

All in all a fun and informative visit. Can't wait to have our own goats here!

All in a weekend

It's one of those Monday mornings when we feel like going back to the office/school/daily chores is the restful part of the week.

It began Thursday night with a boy complaining of earache. I instantly began treating it in the same way that I treated my last ear infection, and he felt some relief. We continued with the treatment through Friday while he stayed with me and slept through a lot of the day. 

Stu was our other patient. He woke to find that his nearly two week old wasp sting had become a hand sized area that was red, raised and hot. I was concerned it was infected, and not knowing how to treat it, sent him to the doctors (antibiotics for him). 

Debutante Sarah and Birthday boy Cody

 

Friday was my little brothers 17th birthday and my little sisters deb ball. Our house is in the middle of my families', so we met here for deb preparations (I was employed as makeup artist!) and birthday celebrations before we left Stu, my other brother and the three kids here and went to the ball. Sarah looked beautiful and had a great time. It was nice to watch my teenage siblings interacting with their peers and I enjoyed catching up with one of my high school teachers who then became a colleague and who is now retired. 

My gorgeous sister-in-law, mum, little sister and me!

 

I was also lucky enough to have my two best dancing buddies at the deb (for another debutante and friend), so we spent time together and the girls drove me home. 

With my crazy dancing buddies

 

I arrived home to find the sick one still up. He needed more treatment and pain relief. I settled him to sleep and went to bed. Next morning, the need for his pain relief became obvious - his ear drum had ruptured. I had moments of questioning whether my home treatment was the best action, but decided that even if I'd taken him to the doctor, the result would have been the same. I adjusted to treatment to a warm, moist washer with a little tea tree oil, held over the ear. The warmth relieved the pain and the steam gently softened the discharge without putting anything in the ear. 

We abandoned screen free Saturday and curled the two kids on the couch for a pyjama day and Harry Potter movie marathon so that the sick one could rest. 

Meanwhile, we donned our working gear and headed outside. The weather was against us (I know I begged for rain, but really?), but we soldiered on and (without any fighting!!!) built a shed. It's our third flat pack shed and we were impressed both with how well built it was and also how much better at putting them together we are now!  We completed the build except for a few finishing touches and secured the shed in the very last light of the first official day of winter. 



The dairy with plants just dumped in front - need to plant edible perennials there, any suggestions?

 

Sunday dawned, the sick one a little better, the shed still standing (woohoo!). Stu and the Jamie completed the shed build while I did some important chores like baking bread, washing and nursing. 

The shed was complete by morning tea time and we set to work up-cycling some materials for the beginnings of a milking stand and planning the layout that would turn our shed into our home dairy. 

Then we turned to fencing. 

The shed and fence! Ta-da!

 

The side of the shed/dairy forms one side of the goat pen, and our fence continues around from there. Stu had the brilliant idea of building the fence around the hills hoist washing line.  This gives the goat pen more area than I had originally envisaged and also gives a nice look to the garden (or it will when I've turned it into 'garden'). But it is harder to build a hexagonal fence than a straight one, and we ended up taking ages messing around with angles and things to get it right. But it's done!  I just need to finish attaching wire and then we have one more section and the gate to do. 

So it was a very tired family who gathered for a quick thrown together meal last night. 

I'm still on nursing duty today, but I'll take it a bit easier and deal with some of the smaller jobs. It does make you feel good though to get so much done over a couple of days and really begin to see a project come together. 

Did you tackle a big project this weekend?

A new water tank

It's cold and its wet and despite the fact that this means winter clothes, cold fingers and muddy puddles that traipse into the house on the bottom of gumboots, I'm happy.

I have been able to take the buckets out of the shower and from beneath our sinks. Those buckets will be back next summer, but for now, we can rely on the rain to water the garden and our tanks to supply the water when it doesn't.

The big downpour we had last week (which was still smaller than most of the state) recorded 21mm one day in my new rain gauge, on my new fence. Together with the decent rainfalls surrounding that big one, our garden is growing and greening up again, and our two house tanks were filled (one BIG concrete tank and a plastic one that is about 5000 litres). Through careful management, these tanks managed to keep us in water all summer - us and the garden.

But the garden did suffer as I was quite frugal with the water, so we decided to get another tank. And we installed it yesterday. This tank is about 2200 litres and isn't connected to the main plumbing system. It is filled through a hose connection that I put in at the top and will gravity feed to water the gardens and animals. Once empty, we can refill again. It's not a huge tank, but it will mean I can water the garden in summer without as much stress as this summer was.

The tank is sitting in top of a tank stand we built. The stand is clad (almost) in recycled corrugated iron and our old garage roller door. The cladding is of course not necessary for a tank stand, but it turns a tank stand into a goat shelter, therefore making more use of our available space.

The next job is to fence in the area that the tank/shelter are in to create our goat yard, and then to build the simple garden shed that will be our dairy and feed store.

Life here

It's occurred to me that I haven't posted anything in some time. It's not that I don't have anything to say, just finding the time is hard. So while my chai brews, the bread rises and the rain falls down, I'm taking time for an update.

Belly dance camp is finally nearly here. There has been a lot of work involved - room allocations, workshop allocations, last minute cancellations and bookings, tshirts to be printed, stalls to arrange, food to decide on and soon to be cooked, performances to organise and my own students readying themselves for performing. Not to mention preparing my family and home for a weekend without me. But I'm so excited and really looking forward to a weekend full of dancing, girly fun and all that goes with it. I'm feeling extremely proud of our little camp, which is not only great for me, but which is sold out and all of the other 49 women coming are also excited.

On the home front, the rains have finally come and I'm loving listening to water run into the tanks and watching my garden get a good drink. We started to put up the fence around what Stu calls 'Tracey's paddock' just before it really started, so I had a post to hang my rain gauge on. It's been fun to see it begin to fill up.

Mother's Day saw us back out there fencing. It's not a huge fence, but the idea is that it will keep stray critters (and passers by) out of my vegie garden/orchard and allow the ducks to free range in there without having them wondering out of our yard and onto my verandah where they get into the wheat and poop everwhere. Working out there on Mother's Day was wonderful. I was covered in mud and aching from the work, but my kids came out to help and prepared morning tea for us too. It was just the kind of Mother's Day I like.

Speaking of the kids, a couple of weeks ago, we decided we needed a family hobby. Something we could do together, all enjoy, that was a little bit healthy, not too expensive and that was away from home. We decided on bush walking. That first day we visited Tower Hill, a local state park. We walked for about 2 hours and loved it. This weekend, we visited Mt Eccles national park. We didn't walk as long or far as we had somewhere to be, but we all enjoyed exploring the forest and chatted happily about plans to go camping there sometime soon. We now have a list of places we want to visit and something we all get excited about for weekends.

At home again and our thoughts seem to be always drawn back to power. After much delay (and finally a very grumpy email sent to the power company by me) we are finally set up to be paid for the excess power our solar panels produce and put into the grid. We received a bill with our first (tiny as it had only been a week) credit for power produced! It's very exciting, even though its now winter and so we'll be using much more than we produce.

The other thing happening that makes us keep thinking of power is that our heater died. Our home came with ceiling ducted electric, reverse cycle heating. It's never been great, but this year it decided to simply blow out cold air. We could get it fixed, but since we're not happy with the system, it hardly seems worth it. So now we're trying to decide what heater/s to invest in, and in the meantime, using room heaters and only heating the room we're using. We're restricted to using only electric heaters, and don't have a lot of wall space, so the decision is challenging, and we don't want to rush in. Any advice? Other than use warm clothes and hot water bottles... We're already doing that!

We went out for a friends birthday on Saturday night. It was a fun night with beautiful food. It was the first time I'd seen her in a while, so we had a birthday present exchange. I gave her a necklace I'd made, and she gave me a terrific cookbook - one I'd borrowed from the library before and had thought would work well in my kitchen. I'm making the pea and ham soup recipe from it tonight and have used the handy book marks to mark some more recipes to try.

Well, my morning break is over and I have a list of jobs to do, so I'll apologise for this iPod written blog post (ie. no formatting) and get on with my day. Hope your day is a happy one.

Around the Garden right now

We're about to enter the third calendar month of autumn. You wouldn't guess it by looking at my tank levels or popping a spade into the ground - it's still way too dry, but the crisp mornings and the need to wear a jumper and socks tells me it really is.

It's dry, but we've had some rain. Weed seedlings are starting to show their heads in the 'lawn' areas and while my plants still look forward to a drink of carted grey water, they would survive without it.

This autumn I feel like I am living in and for the garden. I've spent countless hours preserving the fruit crops we grew or were gifted and have been enjoying celery, carrots, lettuce, herbs, tomatoes (yes still), silverbeet and herbs in our meals. I can see that there will be a small gap in harvest soon though, and will look into fixing that gap next year.

I'm growing seedlings of artichokes, pak choi, kale and purple sprouting broccoli, some more successfully than others, but I'm learning more each day, and getting better gradually at this growing from seed business.



Seedlings on the verandah.

Planted in the garden over the last month or so, I have broad beans, peas, sugar snap peas, snow peas, brocoletti, carrots, lettuce, wong bok cabbages, beetroot, garlic (two varieties), red onions, spring onions and carrots.



Seedlings doing well in the garden under a canopy of chicken wire to keep off cats and ducks

Around other parts of the garden, I've planted another olive tree, an almond tree, a mandarin and another feijoa. I've also added more herbs to my potted herb garden, helped 'self sow' silverbeet and calendula and sprinkled seeds of chamomile.



Garlic doing very well.

Our Muscovy ducks, Daisy (who may be Donald) and Peach, follow me everywhere in the front yard, chatting away and hoping I'll throw a snail or two their way. I've learnt that they love lettuce and beetroot leaves, and therefore, if I want to grow them for us to eat, they'll need to be planted beyond their reach.



I was sitting on the verandah writing this, so they joined me!

Also in the front, I'm working on a spot of pruning and taming the grass runners that are doing extremely well and reeking havoc around trees.

Out the back, Buddy is my constant companion as I peruse the works in progress. It looks messy now, but soon, our backyard area will be split by a fence. Inside that fence will be a water tank on a stand, the stand will become a shelter for our miniature goat, Jorgie, and her kid (which she should be getting pregnant with about now) when they come to live with us in September.


Behind Buddy, you can make out the holes for the tank stand and the pile of dirt we've dug out so far.

Next to the goat yard will be a new shed. The shed will be for feed storage with a section set up as my dairy. And all the way around the fence, I'll be planting goat friendly plants such as roses, lavender, silverbeet, wormwood, nasturtiums, chamomile and rosemary. These fragrant and pretty plants will look and smell lovely in the garden that will be below our washing line, and as they grow tendrils through the mesh wire of the goats fence, they'll be able to nibble away.

Introducing Jorgie, our miniature goat who will continue to live on the stud farm in Portland until she's had her kid.

The chooks are doing well too, they're laying a bit less now, but I still bring in eggs each day. They are enjoying scratching through weeds, devouring the sprouted wheat feed and picking at their garden which I planted back in march in an old guinea pig hutch so they can pick, but not destroy, the silverbeet, nasturtiums and calendula growing in there.



Standing on their very own garden.

So that's what's happening around here. On Friday, we'll take delivery of the tank and fencing materials so the next part of construction can happen. I'll keep you updated!

Not a butcher

Remember these guys?

Well they grew up. They grew up into beautiful big roosters of various colours. They were quite friendly and lived peacefully in a bachelor coop with younger roosters that have gradually come to join them. I enjoyed raising them, but as was always the intention, the time came for them to be processed into healthy, lean, almost free range and extremely low food miles meat for our freezer.

We've processed a few batches now, and we're getting better at it.  Each time, we learn something new and do the job cleaner, quicker and with less waste.

The adjustments we made to the process this time were to put each of the roosters (three this time - two of ours and a donated Rhode Island Red), into an empty feed bag each when we caught them. Previously we've just put them all into a box and once we had one escape and had to chase him round the backyard - not conducive to stress free meat! By placing them in the dark bags, they stayed still and calm until their turn came. We only ever catch then when we are completely ready, so they are in the bags a maximum of 10 minutes.

The other change was to add a few drops of dish detergent to the scalding water we use before plucking. I don't know if it helped - the first two were relatively easy to pluck, but the third one wasn't. I think the water was too cold, but basically, he ended up skinned instead of plucked. This seemed like a bad thing, but ended up good.

Now I'm not a butcher, and I actually don't like handling meat, but I believe humans should be omnivores, I believe we should eat humanely raised and killed meat and I am the only one in our house likely to do any butchering.  So I set to preparing our roosters for the freezer. Previously, I've just cleaned them all up and frozen them whole. And previously, we've fed the necks to the dog, but all the feathers, guts etc have been thrown out. Not this time. This time, we reserved the necks for Buddy, I have frozen the livers in a container to become pâté when we have enough (I'll add more each time we do this) and the guts and feathers were buried near one of our fruit trees to act as a blood and bone fertiliser.

The rest of the chicken, I brought inside. The Rhode Island Red was plump and lovely looking, so after a clean, he was left in tact to become a roast. The other two were not so 'roast chicken' looking, so I had a go at jointing them. I can't say I ended up with the neatest cuts of meat, but I did put a bag of skinless/boneless breast fillets, a bag of skinless/boneless thigh fillets and a bag of legs and wings into the freezer. Then, not wanting to waste anything, the carcasses went into the crock cooker with a couple of litres of water for two days. Yesterday, I strained it, picked the remaining meat from the bones and gave the bones to the chooks to pick at (that made me feel weird, but I didn't want to just throw them out! Besides, they do eat meat scraps from the chook bucket usually....).

The scraps of meat were added to a pasta dish last night, and the stock filled three large mason jars, which I bravely pressure cooked using my pressure canner for the first time. I was petrified of using it, but in the end, it wasn't too hard, and I now have three meals worth of stock added to my overflowing pantry.

So, despite the fact that I'm not a butcher, I managed to grow healthy, happy roosters and turn those three roosters into at least 10 meals for our family, plus bones for the dog and pâté. And not one bit of those roosters went to waste, or left the property.

Happy mini farmers.

DIY chook food

Up until recently, we fed our chooks on pellets. Layer pellets for the main flock, and pullet starter/grower for the young. But with so many chooks now hanging around, and my ever present 'could we DIY this?' attitude, I began looking for an alternative.

I discovered fodder systems and was pretty impressed. A fodder system is basically growing sprouts for your livestock. You can grow all sorts of things, but wheat is readily available and sprouts well, so that's what I use. By sprouting the grains, you change the chemical makeup of the material, thereby, increasing the available nutrients for your animals. You also increase the quantity of food, and in doing so, feed your animals less and save money!! As added bonuses, you know exactly what you're feeding your animals (and therefore what you're eating in your eggs/meat) and by buying less bags of pellets, you save on packaging. Hooray!

Wheat grains contain Vitamin B,C and E, Calcium, Iron, Magnesium, Pantothenic Acid, Phosphorus, Amino Acids.  By sprouting the grains, your animals get all of that PLUS vitamins A and K, Chlorophyll, Lecithin, Potassium and trace elements.  And the protein value of the feed goes from 10% to 30% (reference).

 

Lots of people grow fodder, if you want to do it, hunt around the Internet and read some other blog posts. But here is how we I do it.

For one smallish flock of birds (ie. for either my 7 roosters and 2 ducks of my 10 layers), a tray of food a day (plus some other things -see below) is a good start. So for each flock you need to set up a system. Each system needs a container with a lid (ice cream containers work well), 7-9 kitty litter trays (or similar), some old net curtains and somewhere to keep your system.

My fodder system is made of lots of bits of recycled timber and sits on the verandah.
Total cost for set up was about $30

Storing your system on open shelves is a good idea as the water used to water the top trays trickles down and waters the trays below.  You could use wire shelves from the shop, or if, like me, you believe things should be as cheap and recycled as possible, grab some pallets and scrap timber and custom make one!

I had helpers while making my pallet shelving system :)

Take your kitty litter trays and drill drainage holes in the bottom of them. Make sure you put in quite a few, but keep the holes smaller than a grain of wheat! I experimented with how many trays and found 8 is good. Apparently the fodder has the most nutrients between day 6 and 8 and after that it gains nothing and may start losing nutrients as the grass grows.

Now to grow the fodder. On day 1, put two cups of wheat into your lidded container. Cover it with water. After 8 hours (or overnight), tip the contents into your first litter tray and spread out the soaked grains. Repeat this step every day.  Use your net curtain to drape over your trays or the sparrows will find them and get very fat on your efforts (yep, speaking from experience!).

Each day, water your trays to keep them moist, but not soggy. In cool wet weather, I find once a day is enough, but on hot dry days, you need to water more often.

Day 1: Soaked grains

Day 3: Starting to grow roots

Day 5: A nice green flush

Day 8: Ready to feed!

Try not to disturb your growing wheat - it slows down the growth and you end up with messy crops. By day three you will see the wheat layer is starting to bulge and "puff" us as the roots grow. By day six, things are turning green. And by day 8 you'll have a lovely grassy crop. Keep away any wheat grass smoothie drinking folk and prepare to feed out your first crop!

The wheat will have grown into a slab of roots, shoots and grainy bits. Break it up and feed it out. Different animals treat it differently, but they all seem to like it.

I started with one system and have just started a second. Once we get our goats, I'll probably do three. And remember if you have other herbivores (guinea pigs, horses, rabbits etc), this makes a good feed for them too.

I do supplement the feed. The ducks free range and pig out on snails and slugs and the occasional scrap. All of the chooks get kitchen scraps. The meat chickens also get a whey and oat porridge (or porridge and yoghurt) to fatten them and the layers get a handful of layers pellets and shell grit. I hope to get rid of the layers pellets eventually though and replace the necessary nutrients in them with more home grown and natural foods.

Do you grow or cook for your animals?  Would love to hear about it!  And if you have any questions about this, ask away!

Around our mini farm.....




I haven't done much in the way of a garden round up for ages.

There's been lots going on.

We've been cutting out the shrubs that haven't survived the long dry summer.  Many of them are being cut up into workable sized sticks for a project we have in mind.

We've been out and measured our whole block.  We drew a plan of all the permanent structures and are using it to plan the upcoming changes.  A fence here, goat pen there, a new tank and a milking shelter.  How many more fruit trees can we put in?  And where will we plant next years tomatoes?  We're continuing to work on changing what was a fairly blank 1/4 acre block when we moved here into a real food forest that will be both fun and productive. 

 

Our young hens have started to lay eggs of various shapes, sizes and colour.  One of the new layers we had thought was a rooster and was destined for other things - she started laying just in time :)  Oh, and that teeny tiny brown egg down there, believe it or not had two yolks in it!

 

 

 

A friend gifted us four young pure bred barneveldor roosters.  She had hatched them and only wanted hens.  The roosters were destined for the rubbish, so we'll put them to better use.  Three are still in our rooster pen to be fattened.  One lucky rooster became our keeper.

 

Anna, Rose, Lacey and Leah  (chicks hatched by us this year) have now joined our laying flock to make up ten hens.  They were then joined by Barney, the friendliest barneveldor rooster ever!  Plenty of eggs for us next year and more chicks too.

 

 

I've begun growing my own animal feed, working on a wheat sprouting fodder system.  It took a while to get it going, but now, for the cost of 9 kitty litter trays, I am able to sprout my wheat for some of our poultry, doubling the food quantity and halving my feed costs.  (I'll write more on this soon).

 

Summer crops have been removed from half of our vegie gardens and seeds have been sown for winter veg - some direct, others in punnets.  They're now beginning to show their heads above the soil.  The other beds will be done in the weeks following Easter.

 

We have finally had rain.  Not really enough to make the soil moist or to fill the tanks, but to relieve some of that pressure.  We can now shower for normal lengths of time (ie. 2-3minutes instead of 30 seconds!) and the vegies look much happier.

 

We decided that we couldn't eat the hens that grew from our chicken project and we had too many to keep them all, so we struck a deal with my mum.  She wanted more hens and will give us some of her unwanted roosters.  We took four hens over last week and came home, not with roosters, but with these two lovely baby muscovy ducks.  Daisy (the white and grey) and Peach (the dark one) will be the snail patrol this year - just as soon as we've fenced their area better.  In the meantime, I am hunting snails and delivering them - they love them!  Hooray!

We've also started work on Hurley's garden and have planted out a new mandarin tree, a second fejoia and a second olive tree.  All of our apples were blown off the tree last week and we've been loving munching our delicious pink ladies and I've also been using them for baking and have dried a few jars for our muesli.

We're all loving the journey that we're on in our garden.  We toy with the word permaculture, but I'm not knowledgable enough in it yet to feel confident using the word.  In the meantime, we call it our mini farm, and that makes me smile.